Oral Lichen Planus: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What is Oral Lichen Planus?

Oral Lichen Planus is a long-lasting condition that affects the inside of your mouth. It causes white patches, redness, or swelling on the gums, cheeks, or tongue. Often, people notice discomfort or a burning feeling. Although it is not contagious, it can be bothersome. Many adults, especially those over 40, may develop this condition. However, it is important to know that Oral Lichen Planus is not cancer, but regular check-ups are still needed.

Symptoms of Oral Lichen Planus

Oral Lichen Planus symptoms can vary from person to person. Sometimes, you may not notice any pain. Other times, the symptoms can cause discomfort, especially when eating spicy or acidic foods. Common signs include:

White, lacy patches inside the mouth

Red, swollen tissues

Burning or stinging sensation

Sores or ulcers that do not heal

Dry mouth or rough feeling on the tongue

Bleeding or pain when brushing teeth

Sometimes, these symptoms may come and go. But if you notice any of these signs, it is wise to talk to your dentist.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors are not sure what causes Oral Lichen Planus. However, it is believed to be linked to your immune system. In this condition, your body’s defense system attacks the cells in your mouth by mistake. Several factors may increase your risk, such as:

Family history of autoimmune diseases

Stress or anxiety

Allergic reactions to dental fillings or mouthwashes

Certain medicines, like those for high blood pressure

Hepatitis C infection

Although anyone can get Oral Lichen Planus, it is more common in middle-aged women. Still, men and younger people can also be affected.

Diagnosis

To diagnose Oral Lichen Planus, your dentist will first look inside your mouth. They may ask about your symptoms and medical history. Often, a small sample of tissue (biopsy) is taken from your mouth for testing. This helps confirm the diagnosis. Sometimes, blood tests are also needed to rule out other conditions. Early diagnosis is important, so regular dental visits can help catch problems sooner.

Treatment Options

There is no cure for Oral Lichen Planus, but treatment can help manage symptoms. Your dentist may suggest:

Topical corticosteroid gels or rinses to reduce swelling

Pain relief mouthwashes

Good oral hygiene practices

Changing or stopping certain medicines if they are a trigger

Regular dental check-ups to monitor changes

In some cases, stronger medicines may be needed. For example, your doctor might prescribe pills or immune-suppressing drugs if symptoms are severe. However, most people find relief with simple treatments and regular care.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

While you cannot always prevent Oral Lichen Planus, some steps can help reduce discomfort and flare-ups. For better mouth health, try these tips:

Brush teeth gently with a soft-bristled brush

Avoid spicy, acidic, or salty foods

Quit smoking and limit alcohol

Manage stress through relaxation or exercise

Use mild toothpaste and avoid harsh mouthwashes

Additionally, regular dental visits help spot any changes early. This is especially important for people in the US or UK, where routine dental care is widely available.

When to See a Dentist

If you notice white patches, sores, or pain in your mouth that does not go away, see a dentist soon. Early treatment can prevent problems from getting worse. Also, if you have trouble eating or notice bleeding, do not wait. Your dentist can help find the cause and suggest the best treatment for you.

For personalized advice on Oral Lichen Planus, consult Smile Avenue Dental Care. They can guide you on the best steps for your oral health.